>>> Adding
a disk in Linux Server.
>>> Formatting
a disk in Linux Server.
>>> Mounting
the disk in Linux Server.
When
you insert new storage into linux server or attach raw storage
into linux box. You can see those hard disks under /dev location as
show below
Here sda is
system disk and sdb is newly added disk.
[root@oel5-testdb
dev]# ls -ltr sd*
brw-r-----
1 root disk 8, 0 Jun 7 19:37 sda
brw-r-----
1 root disk 8, 2 Jun 7 19:37 sda2
brw-r-----
1 root disk 8, 16 Jun 7 19:37 sdb
brw-r-----
1 root disk 8, 1 Jun 7 19:37 sda1
How to
find the newly added disk. Below command shows which disk is newly added to
server
[root@oel5-testdb
dev]# fdisk -l
Disk
/dev/sda: 21.4 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255
heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units =
cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device
Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 13 104391 83 Linux -------------------
This indicates sda is old disk
/dev/sda2 14 2610 20860402+ 8e Linux
LVM
Disk
/dev/sdb: 21.4 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255
heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units =
cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Disk
/dev/sdb doesn't contain a valid partition
table ----------------- This indicates sdb is new
disk
Disk
/dev/dm-0: 19.2 GB, 19226689536 bytes
255
heads, 63 sectors/track, 2337 cylinders
Units =
cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Disk
/dev/dm-0 doesn't contain a valid partition table
Disk
/dev/dm-1: 2113 MB, 2113929216 bytes
255
heads, 63 sectors/track, 257 cylinders
Units =
cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Disk
/dev/dm-1 doesn't contain a valid partition table
[root@oel5-testdb
dev]# fdisk -l /dev/sdb
Disk
/dev/sdb: 21.4 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255
heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units =
cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Disk
/dev/sdb doesn't contain a valid partition table
[root@oel5-testdb
dev]# fdisk -l /dev/sda
Disk
/dev/sda: 21.4 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255
heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units =
cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device
Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 13 104391 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 14 2610 20860402+ 8e Linux
LVM
Format
the newly added disk which was identified from Step2 using below command.
[root@oel5-testdb
dev]# fdisk /dev/sdb
Device
contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or
OSF disklabel
Building
a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
until
you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
content
won't be recoverable.
The
number of cylinders for this disk is set to 2610.
There
is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
and
could in certain setups cause problems with:
1)
software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
2)
booting and partitioning software from other OSs
(e.g.,
DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
Warning:
invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
Command
(m for help): p -------------------------------------------
Print the current partitions if any
Disk
/dev/sdb: 21.4 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255
heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units =
cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device
Boot Start End Blocks Id System
Command
(m for help): n --------------------------------------------- Create new
partitions
Command
action
e extended
p primary
partition (1-4)
p ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Primary partition
Partition
number (1-4): 1
First
cylinder (1-2610, default 1):
Using
default value 1
Last
cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-2610, default 2610):
Using
default value 2610
Command
(m for help): w ------------------------------------------- Save new partition
The
partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl()
to re-read partition table.
Syncing
disks.
[root@oel5-testdb
dev]#
Verify
newly formatted disk.
[root@oel5-testdb
dev]# ls -ld sd*
brw-r-----
1 root disk 8, 0 Jun 7 19:37 sda
brw-r-----
1 root disk 8, 1 Jun 7 19:37 sda1
brw-r-----
1 root disk 8, 2 Jun 7 19:37 sda2
brw-r----- 1 root disk 8, 16 Jun 7 19:46 sdb
brw-r----- 1 root disk 8, 17 Jun 7 19:46 sdb1 ----------------- Newly created partition
Check
the current system filesystem format
[root@oel5-testdb
dev]# cat /etc/fstab
/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00
/ ext3 defaults 1
1
LABEL=/boot /boot ext3 defaults 1
2 -------------- ext3 filesyetem format
tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0
0
devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0
0
sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0
0
proc /proc proc defaults 0
0
/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol01
swap swap defaults 0
0
Format
the newly create partition with filesystem type identified in Step5
[root@oel5-testdb
dev]# mkfs -t ext3 /dev/sdb
mke2fs
1.39 (29-May-2006)
/dev/sdb is
entire device, not just one partition!
Proceed
anyway? (y,n) y
Filesystem label=
OS
type: Linux
Block
size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment
size=4096 (log=2)
2621440 inodes,
5242880 blocks
262144
blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First
data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296
160
block groups
32768
blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
16384 inodes per
group
Superblock
backups stored on blocks:
32768,
98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
4096000
Writing inode tables:
done
Creating
journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing
superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
This filesystem will
be automatically checked every 23 mounts or
180
days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
[root@oel5-testdb
dev]#
Create
new directory /orabin and mount the newly formatted filesystem under
/orabin directory
[root@oel5-testdb
dev]# mkdir /orabin
[root@oel5-testdb
dev]# chmod 777 /orabin/
[root@oel5-testdb
dev]# mount /dev/sdb
sdb sdb1
[root@oel5-testdb
dev]# mount /dev/sdb /orabin/
[root@oel5-testdb
dev]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used
Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00
18G 13G 4.0G 77%
/
/dev/sda1 99M 40M 55M 43%
/boot
tmpfs 497M 0 497M 0%
/dev/shm
/dev/sdb 20G 173M 19G 1%
/orabin -------------------------- New mount point mounted
[root@oel5-testdb
dev]#
Add
the filesystem and mount options in /etc/fstab to reflect mount
as permanent.
[root@oel5-testdb
~]# cat /etc/fstab
/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00
/ ext3 defaults 1
1
LABEL=/boot /boot ext3 defaults 1
2
tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0
0
devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0
0
sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0
0
proc /proc proc defaults 0
0
/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol01
swap swap defaults 0
0
[root@oel5-testdb
~]#
[root@oel5-testdb
~]# vi /etc/fstab
[root@oel5-testdb
~]# cat /etc/fstab
/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00
/ ext3 defaults 1
1
LABEL=/boot /boot ext3 defaults 1
2
tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0
0
devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0
0
sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0
0
proc /proc proc defaults 0
0
/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol01
swap swap defaults 0
0
/dev/sdb /orabin ext3 defaults 1
1 ------------------ added this entry
[root@oel5-testdb
~]#
[root@oel5-testdb
~]# mount -a
[root@oel5-testdb
~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used
Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00
18G 13G 4.0G 77%
/
/dev/sda1 99M 40M 55M 43%
/boot
tmpfs 497M 0 497M 0%
/dev/shm
Shared_Drive 238G 173G 66G 73%
/media/sf_Shared_Drive
Shared_Drive 238G 173G 66G 73%
/Shared_Drive/
/dev/sdb 20G 173M 19G 1%
/orabin
Regards,
Mallik
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