LV-VG-PV Creating and mounting NFS mount point on Linux Vs Widows

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Raw partition = fixed slice of one physical disk, filesystem sits directly on it.

/data  →  /dev/sdb1  →  disk sdb

The partition's start and end are literal sector numbers on that one disk. To grow it, the free sectors must sit immediately after it on the same disk. Nothing about a partition can reference a second disk.

LVM inserts an abstraction layer between the disks and the filesystem:

/data  →  lv_data      (Logical Volume  — what you mount/format)
             ↑
          vg_data      (Volume Group    — a pool of space)
           ↑     ↑
         sdb1   sdc    (Physical Volumes — the actual disks)

Three concepts:

PV (physical volume) — a disk or partition handed over to LVM (pvcreate)
VG (volume group) — one pool built from one or more PVs (vgcreate)
LV (logical volume) — a virtual block device carved out of the pool (lvcreate), which is what you mkfs and mount

1. Confirm the disk

[root@jump_oel79 ~]# cd /dev/
[root@jump_oel79 dev]# ll sd*
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8,  0 May 20 14:39 sda
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8,  1 May 20 14:39 sda1
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8,  2 May 20 14:39 sda2
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 16 Sep  3 21:31 sdb
[root@jump_oel79 dev]# df -h
Filesystem           Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs             5.7G     0  5.7G   0% /dev
tmpfs                5.8G     0  5.8G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                5.8G  162M  5.6G   3% /run
tmpfs                5.8G     0  5.8G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/ol-root   79G   68G   12G  86% /
/dev/sda1           1014M  327M  688M  33% /boot
tmpfs                1.2G   40K  1.2G   1% /run/user/0

[root@jump_oel79 dev]# lsblk /dev/sdb
NAME MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sdb    8:16   0 1000G  0 disk
[root@jump_oel79 dev]# fdisk -l /dev/sdb

Disk /dev/sdb: 1073.7 GB, 1073741824000 bytes, 2097152000 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

2. Partition (GPT)

[root@jump_oel79 dev]# parted -s /dev/sdb mklabel gpt
[root@jump_oel79 dev]# parted -s -a optimal /dev/sdb mkpart primary xfs 0% 100%
[root@jump_oel79 dev]# partprobe /dev/sdb
[root@jump_oel79 dev]# lsblk /dev/sdb
NAME   MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sdb      8:16   0 1000G  0 disk
└─sdb1   8:17   0 1000G  0 part
[root@jump_oel79 dev]#

3. Filesystem

[root@jump_oel79 dev]# mkfs.xfs /dev/sdb1
meta-data=/dev/sdb1              isize=256    agcount=4, agsize=65535872 blks
         =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1
         =                       crc=0        finobt=0, sparse=0, rmapbt=0
         =                       reflink=0
data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=262143488, imaxpct=25
         =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0, ftype=1
log      =internal log           bsize=4096   blocks=127999, version=2
         =                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0
[root@jump_oel79 dev]#

4. Mount point + mount

[root@jump_oel79 dev]# mkdir -p /data
[root@jump_oel79 dev]# mount /dev/sdb1 /data
[root@jump_oel79 dev]# df -hT /data
Filesystem     Type  Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sdb1      xfs  1000G   33M 1000G   1% /data
[root@jump_oel79 dev]# blkid /dev/sdb1
/dev/sdb1: UUID="b1da372b-579e-49e8-b38a-7da12157b067" TYPE="xfs" PARTLABEL="primary" PARTUUID="03f0b9c5-ec44-4b98-9554-102fdb5f36eb"
[root@jump_oel79 dev]#

5. Make it persistent

[root@jump_oel79 dev]# echo 'UUID=b1da372b-579e-49e8-b38a-7da12157b067 /data xfs defaults 0 0' >> /etc/fstab
[root@jump_oel79 dev]# mount -a
[root@jump_oel79 dev]# df -h
Filesystem           Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs             5.7G     0  5.7G   0% /dev
tmpfs                5.8G     0  5.8G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                5.8G  162M  5.6G   3% /run
tmpfs                5.8G     0  5.8G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/ol-root   79G   68G   12G  86% /
/dev/sda1           1014M  327M  688M  33% /boot
tmpfs                1.2G   40K  1.2G   1% /run/user/0
/dev/sdb1           1000G   33M 1000G   1% /data
[root@jump_oel79 dev]#


If you'd rather use LVM (lets you grow /data later by adding disks):

pvcreate /dev/sdb
vgcreate vg_data /dev/sdb
lvcreate -l 100%FREE -n lv_data vg_data
mkfs.xfs /dev/vg_data/lv_data
mkdir -p /data
echo '/dev/vg_data/lv_data /data xfs defaults 0 0' >> /etc/fstab
mount -a

[root@jump_oel79 dev]# df -h
Filesystem           Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs             5.7G     0  5.7G   0% /dev
tmpfs                5.8G     0  5.8G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                5.8G  162M  5.6G   3% /run
tmpfs                5.8G     0  5.8G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/ol-root   79G   68G   12G  86% /
/dev/sda1           1014M  327M  688M  33% /boot
tmpfs                1.2G   40K  1.2G   1% /run/user/0
/dev/sdb1           1000G   33M 1000G   1% /data
[root@jump_oel79 dev]#


If you have already mounted the /dev/sdb disk format it with a filesystem, created a mount point and we need to mount with LVM
then for that. If you haven't put data on /data mount point yet, switch now to LVM so that you can dynamically increase this /data mount point later

umount /data
sed -i '\|/data|d' /etc/fstab        # remove the line you just added
wipefs -a /dev/sdb1

pvcreate /dev/sdb1
vgcreate vg_data /dev/sdb1
lvcreate -l 100%FREE -n lv_data vg_data
mkfs.xfs /dev/vg_data/lv_data
echo '/dev/vg_data/lv_data /data xfs defaults 0 0' >> /etc/fstab
mount -a
df -hT /data


[root@jump_oel79 dev]# umount /data
[root@jump_oel79 dev]# sed -i '\|/data|d' /etc/fstab
[root@jump_oel79 dev]# wipefs -a /dev/sdb1
/dev/sdb1: 4 bytes were erased at offset 0x00000000 (xfs): 58 46 53 42
[root@jump_oel79 dev]#
[root@jump_oel79 dev]# pvcreate /dev/sdb1
  Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created.
[root@jump_oel79 dev]# vgcreate vg_data /dev/sdb1
  Volume group "vg_data" successfully created
[root@jump_oel79 dev]# lvcreate -l 100%FREE -n lv_data vg_data
  Logical volume "lv_data" created.
[root@jump_oel79 dev]# mkfs.xfs /dev/vg_data/lv_data
meta-data=/dev/vg_data/lv_data   isize=256    agcount=4, agsize=65535744 blks
         =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1
         =                       crc=0        finobt=0, sparse=0, rmapbt=0
         =                       reflink=0
data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=262142976, imaxpct=25
         =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0, ftype=1
log      =internal log           bsize=4096   blocks=127999, version=2
         =                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0
[root@jump_oel79 dev]# echo '/dev/vg_data/lv_data /data xfs defaults 0 0' >> /etc/fstab
[root@jump_oel79 dev]# mount -a
[root@jump_oel79 dev]# df -hT /data
Filesystem                  Type  Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg_data-lv_data xfs  1000G   33M 1000G   1% /data
[root@jump_oel79 dev]#


Later, adding /dev/sdc (1000G) becomes:

pvcreate /dev/sdc
vgextend vg_data /dev/sdc
lvextend -l +100%FREE /dev/vg_data/lv_data
xfs_growfs /data                     # online, no unmount needed

/data goes to ~2TB with no downtime.





Your LVM mount /data is ready — you just need to export it.

1. Install and enable NFS server

yum install -y nfs-utils
systemctl enable --now nfs-server rpcbind

2. Add the export

bash
echo '/data 10.0.0.0/8(rw,sync,no_root_squash,no_subtree_check)' >> /etc/exports

Replace 10.0.0.0/8 with your client subnet or a specific IP. Use * only in a trusted lab. Drop no_root_squash unless clients genuinely need root write access — it's a security hole.
echo '/data *(rw,sync,no_subtree_check)' >> /etc/exports

3. Apply and verify

exportfs -rav
exportfs -v
showmount -e localhost

4. Firewall (if firewalld is running)

firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service={nfs,rpc-bind,mountd}
firewall-cmd --reload

5. SELinux (only if enforcing and clients need write)

setsebool -P nfs_export_all_rw 1

6. Mount from a client

mkdir -p /mnt/data
mount -t nfs jump_oel79:/data /mnt/data
# persist:
echo 'jump_oel79:/data /mnt/data nfs defaults,_netdev 0 0' >> /etc/fstab


[root@jump_oel79 dev]# yum install -y nfs-utils
Loaded plugins: langpacks, ulninfo
Package 1:nfs-utils-1.3.0-0.68.0.1.el7.2.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Nothing to do
[root@jump_oel79 dev]# systemctl enable --now nfs-server rpcbind
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/nfs-server.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/nfs-server.service.
[root@jump_oel79 dev]#
[root@jump_oel79 dev]# echo '/data *(rw,sync,no_subtree_check)' >> /etc/exports
[root@jump_oel79 dev]#
[root@jump_oel79 dev]# exportfs -rav
exporting *:/data
[root@jump_oel79 dev]# exportfs -v
/data             <world>(sync,wdelay,hide,no_subtree_check,sec=sys,rw,secure,root_squash,no_all_squash)
[root@jump_oel79 dev]# showmount -e localhost
Export list for localhost:
/data *
[root@jump_oel79 dev]# firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service={nfs,rpc-bind,mountd}
success
[root@jump_oel79 dev]# firewall-cmd --reload
success
[root@jump_oel79 dev]# setsebool -P nfs_export_all_rw 1
[root@jump_oel79 dev]# hostname
jump_oel79.localdomain.com
[root@jump_oel79 dev]#

[root@jump_oel810 ~]# hostname
jump_oel810.localdomain.com
[root@jump_oel810 ~]#
[root@jump_oel810 ~]# mkdir -p /mnt/data
[root@jump_oel810 ~]# mount -t nfs 10.26.3.61:/data /mnt/data
[root@jump_oel810 ~]# echo '10.26.3.61:/data /mnt/data nfs defaults,_netdev 0 0' >> /etc/fstab
[root@jump_oel810 ~]# df -h
Filesystem           Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs             5.7G     0  5.7G   0% /dev
tmpfs                5.7G     0  5.7G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                5.7G  9.2M  5.7G   1% /run
tmpfs                5.7G     0  5.7G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/ol-root   56G   11G   45G  19% /
/dev/sda2           1014M  659M  356M  65% /boot
/dev/sda1            599M  6.0M  593M   1% /boot/efi
tmpfs                1.2G   12K  1.2G   1% /run/user/42
tmpfs                1.2G     0  1.2G   0% /run/user/0
10.26.3.61:/data    1000G   33M 1000G   1% /mnt/data
[root@jump_oel810 ~]#